Hepatitis D

Hepatitis D is a liver disease caused by hepatitis D virus (HDV). It is transmitted by contact with the infected blood. However, the disease occurs only in people who are already infected with hepatitis B.

Symptoms

• yellow skin or yellowing of the whites of eyes (jaundice)
• tiredness
• loss of appetite
• nausea
• abdominal discomfort
• dark urine

Prevention

Immunization against hepatitis B for those not already infected; also, avoiding exposure to infected blood, contaminated needles, and an infected person's personal items (toothbrush, razor, nail clippers).

Treatment

• Drug treatment with alpha interferon. 
• Liver transplant.

References:

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA.
National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse, USA.