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TREATMENT OPTIONS BY STAGE
Stage I Kidney Cancer
Stage II Kidney Cancer
- Surgery (radical nephrectomy or partial nephrectomy).
- Surgery (nephrectomy), before or after radiation therapy.
- Radiation therapy as palliative therapy to relieve symptoms in patients who cannot have surgery.
- Arterial embolization as palliative therapy.
- A clinical trial of a new treatment.
Stage III Kidney Cancer
- Surgery (radical nephrectomy). Blood vessels of the kidney and some lymph nodes may also be removed.
- Arterial embolization followed by surgery (radical nephrectomy).
- Radiation therapy as palliative therapy to relieve symptoms and improve the quality of life.
- Arterial embolization as palliative therapy.
- Surgery (nephrectomy) as palliative therapy.
- Radiation therapy before or after surgery (radical nephrectomy).
- A clinical trial of biologic therapy following surgery.
Stage IV and Recurrent Kidney Cancer
- Targeted therapy alone or after biologic therapy.
- Biologic therapy alone or after surgery (nephrectomy) to reduce the size of the tumor.
- Arterial embolization as palliative therapy to relieve symptoms and improve the quality of life.
- Radiation therapy as palliative therapy to relieve symptoms and improve the quality of life.
- Surgery (nephrectomy) as palliative therapy.
- Surgery (radical nephrectomy, with or without removal of cancer from other areas where it has spread).
- A clinical trial of chemotherapy.
Glossary
- Partial nephrectomy: A surgical
procedure to remove the cancer within the kidney and some of the tissue
around it. A partial nephrectomy may be done to prevent loss of kidney
function when the other kidney is damaged or has already been removed.
- Simple nephrectomy: A surgical
procedure to remove the kidney only.
- Radical nephrectomy: A surgical
procedure to remove the kidney, the adrenal gland, surrounding tissue,
and, usually, nearby lymph nodes.
- Palliative
therapy: Treatment given to relieve the symptoms and reduce the
suffering caused by cancer and other life-threatening diseases.
- Arterial
embolization: The blocking of an artery by a clot of foreign material.
This can be done as treatment to block the flow of blood to a tumor.
Reference:
National Cancer Institute, USA.
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