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Glycoproteins are the proteins covalently attached to carbohydrates such as glucose, galactose, lactose, fucose, sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, N-acetylgalactosamine, etc. Glycolipids are carbohydrate-attached lipids. Their role is to provide energy and also serve as markers for cellular recognition. The antigens which determine blood types belong to glycoproteins and glycolipids (more info).
Review article: Unraveling the Mechanism of Protein N-Glycosylation - J. Biol. Chem., 2005.
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